Bhutan’s Roadmap to 2040: Connecting Communities, Preserving Nature
Bhutan is embarking on a major infrastructure initiative to construct 200 km of new roads by 2040, aimed at enhancing connectivity while preserving its rich biodiversity. Guided by the Bhutan Highways Connectivity Master Plan, the project includes wildlife-friendly designs, climate resilience strategies, and improved access to remote areas—setting a benchmark for sustainable development.
Bhutan is set to roll out an ambitious plan to expand its road infrastructure, with approximately 200 kilometres of new roads expected to be constructed by 2040. This development will run alongside efforts to maintain the nation’s existing highways. As outlined in the draft Bhutan Highways Connectivity Master Plan by the Department of Surface Transport, the goal is to improve national connectivity and reduce travel times, all while ensuring minimal disruption to the natural environment.
Notably, the proposed roads are being designed with wildlife in mind—an approach that prioritises ecological harmony by avoiding damage to animal habitats. This wildlife-sensitive planning underpins the entire strategy, reflecting Bhutan’s deep-rooted commitment to environmental conservation.
Bhutan Highways Connectivity Master Plan
Key components of the draft master plan include the widening of current highways and the timely completion of the Southern East-West Highway, a critical project for national cohesion. Other initiatives encompass the expansion of the Thimphu-Paro Highway and enhancements in inter-district connectivity. Plans for bypasses, tunnels, and access roads to vital industrial hubs are also in the works, aiming to support the country’s economic growth and trade capabilities.
Perhaps most notably, the plan seeks to connect remote and previously inaccessible areas—like Lhamoi Dzingkha, Sarpang, and Panbang—by addressing long-standing infrastructure gaps. This bold move is expected to open up new opportunities for local communities and businesses.
Biodiversity and Wildlife Protection
However, infrastructure development of this scale is not without its environmental challenges. The risks include habitat loss, ecosystem fragmentation, conflicts between humans and wildlife, and even direct threats to animal populations. A particular area of concern involves the construction of roads through Bhutan’s protected regions.
To mitigate these risks, the Department of Forest and Park Services is collaborating closely with the Department of Surface Transport. Their joint efforts are ensuring that the design and implementation of new roads follow wildlife-friendly principles to reduce ecological disruption.
The master plan, slated for finalisation by June, includes a Critical Habitat Assessment to guide biodiversity protection efforts throughout the development phase. Furthermore, the plan incorporates climate resilience strategies—such as slope stabilisation and upgraded infrastructure—to counteract the growing threats of climate-induced disasters.
As part of its commitment to best practices, Bhutan has hosted a Wildlife-Friendly Infrastructure Training workshop, bringing together local and international experts to share knowledge and technical guidance.
The initiative is being funded by the Asian Development Bank, with a budget of USD 2 million.
Access to Bhutan's Attraction Sites
By weaving ecological mindfulness into modern development, Bhutan continues to uphold its global reputation as a model for sustainable progress. These planned roads won’t just make travel smoother—they also promise to improve access to Bhutan’s stunning tourism destinations and its many protected wildlife sanctuaries, where nature continues to thrive in harmony with thoughtful human intervention.
These road improvements mean smoother, safer, and more scenic journeys across the country’s diverse landscapes. Furthermore, with Avis Bhutan Car Rental, travellers seeking chauffeur-driven experiences can enjoy the freedom to explore the magic of Bhutan in comfort and ease.
